Fundamentals of pervasive computing lecture notes P.R.Engineering college

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IT1452 – FUNDAMENTALS OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING
UNIT I PERVASIVE ARCHITECTURE 
Local area networks – Wireless LANS – Relationship of wireless, internet and ubiquitous computing – Pervasive 
computing and ubiquitous computing – Ambient computing – Pervasive web application architecture – Requirements 
of computational infrastructure – Failure management – Security – Performance – Dependability. 
UNIT II MOBILE DEVICE TECHNOLOGIES 
Mobile computing devices characteristics – Adaptation – Data dissemination and management – Heterogeneity –
Interoperability – Context awareness – Language localization issues – User interface design issues – Difference 
between UI design for mobile devices and conventional systems – Mobile agents – Mobile device technology 
overview – Windows CE – Symbian – J2ME – Pocket PC – BREW. 
UNIT III SENSOR NETWORKS AND RFID’S 
Introduction to sensor networks – Sensor node architecture – Sensor network architecture – Types of sensor networks 
– Platforms for wireless sensor networks – Applications of wireless sensor networks – Introduction to RFID –
Transponder and reader architecture – Types of tags and readers – Frequencies of operation – Application of RFID 
technologies. 
UNIT IV LOCAL AREA AND WIDE AREA WIRELESS TECHNOLOGIES 
IEEE 802.11 technologies – Infrared technologies – Bluetooth networks (OBEX protocol) – Personal area networks –
Mobility management – Mobile IP – Establishing wide area wireless networks – Concept and structure of ”Cell” –
Call establishment and maintenance – Channel management – Frequency assignment techniques. 
UNIT V PROTOCOLS AND APPLICATIONS 
Networking protocols – Packet switched protocols – Routing protocols for sensor networks – Data centric protocols –
Hierarchical protocols – Location – Based protocols – Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS) protocols – Wireless 
Application Protocol (WAP) – Applications of pervasive computing – Retail – Healthcare – Sales force automation –
Tracking applications. 
REFERENCES 
1. Burkhardt, Henn, Hepper and Rintdorff, Schaeck, “Pervasive Computing”, Addison Wesley, 2002. 
2. F. Adelstein and S.K.S. Gupta, “Fundamentals of Mobile and Pervasive Computing”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2005. 
3. Ashoke Talukdar and Roopa Yavagal, “Mobile Computing”, Tata McGraw Hill, 2005.[IT 1452 FUNDAMENTALS OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING]
IV IT 8 SEM Page 3
UNIT I-PERVASIVE ARCHITECTURE
Local area networks – Wireless LANS – Relationship of wireless, internet and ubiquitous computing – Pervasive 
computing and ubiquitous computing – Ambient computing – Pervasive web application architecture – Requirements 
of computational infrastructure – Failure management – Security – Performance – Dependability
Local Area Network 
A computer network that spans a relatively small area. Most LANs are confined to a single building or group 
of buildings. However, one LAN can be connected to other LANs over any distance via telephone lines and radio 
waves. 
A system of LANs connected in this way is called a wide-area network (WAN). Most LANs connect 
workstations and personal computers. Each node (individual computer) in a LAN has its own CPU with which it 
executes programs, but it also is able to access data and devices anywhere on the LAN. 
This means that many users can share expensive devices, such as laser printers, as well as data. Users can also 
use the LAN to communicate with each other, by sending e-mail or engaging in chat sessions. ARCNET, Token Ring 
and other technology standards have been used in the past, but Ethernet over twisted pair cabling, and Wi-Fi are the 
two most common technologies currently used to build LANs. 
There are many different types of LANs Ethernets being the most common for PCs. Most Apple Macintosh 
networks are based on Apple's AppleTalk network system, which is built into Macintosh computers. 
The following characteristics differentiate one LAN from another: 
Topology: The geometric arrangement of devices on the network. For example, devices can be arranged in a 
ring or in a straight line. 
Protocols : The rules and encoding specifications for sending data. The protocols also determine whether 
the network uses a peer-to-peer or client/server architecture. 
Media : Devices can be connected by twisted-pair wire, coaxial cables, or fiber optic cables. Some networks 
do without connecting media altogether, communicating instead via radio waves. [IT 1452 FUNDAMENTALS OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING]
IV IT 8 SEM Page 4
.
Larger LANs are characterized by their use of redundant links with switches using the spanning tree protocol 
to prevent loops, their ability to manage differing traffic types via quality of service (QoS), and to segregate traffic 
with VLANs. 
Larger LANs also contain a wide variety of network devices such as switches, firewalls, routers, load 
balancers, and sensors. LANs may have connections with other LANs via leased lines, leased services, or by tunneling 
across the Internet using virtual private network technologies. 
Depending on how the connections are established and secured in a LAN, and the distance involved, a LAN 
may also be classified as a metropolitan area network (MAN) or a wide area network (WAN). 
Cabling 
Early LAN cabling had always been based on various grades of coaxial cable. However shielded twisted pair was used 
in IBM's Token Ring implementation, and in 1984 Star LAN showed the potential of simple unshielded twisted pair 
by using Cat3-the same simple cable used for telephone systems. 
This led to the development of 10Base-T (and its successors) and structured cabling which is still the basis of most 
commercial LANs today. In addition, fiber-optic cabling is increasingly used in commercial applications. As cabling is 
not always possible, wireless 
Ethernet 
Ethernet is the most widely-installed local area network (LAN) technology. Specified in a standard, IEEE 802.3, 
Ethernet was originally developed by Xerox from an earlier specification called Aloha net (for the Palo Alto Research 
Center Aloha network) and then developed further by Xerox, DEC, and Intel. 
Ethernet was named by Robert Metcalfe, one of its developers, for the passive substance called "luminiferous (lighttransmitting) ether" that was once thought to pervade the universe, carrying light throughout. Ethernet was so-named 
to describe the way that cabling, also a passive medium could similarly carry data everywhere throughout the network
.When first widely deployed in the 1980s, Ethernet supported a maximum theoretical data rate of 10 megabits per
second (Mbps). [IT 1452 FUNDAMENTALS OF PERVASIVE COMPUTING]

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Fundamentals of pervasive computing lecture notes

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Fundamentals of pervasive computing

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P.R.Engineering college

Fundamentals of pervasive computing lecture notes P.R.Engineering college

Fundamentals of pervasive computing lecture notes in Fundamentals of pervasive computing uploaded at P.R.Engineering college

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