Thermodynamics

Week 1 : Fundamentals - System; Control volume; Property, State; Process; Exact; Inexact differentials; Work - Thermodynamic definition of work; examples;

Week 2 : Displacement work; Path dependence of displacement work and illustrations for simple processes; electrical, magnetic, gravitational, spring and shaft work.

Week 3 : Temperature, Definition of thermal equilibrium and Zeroth law; Temperature scales; Various Thermometers-Definition of heat; examples of heat/work interaction in systems

Week 4 : First Law for Cyclic; Non-cyclic processes; Concept of total energy E ; Demonstration that E is a property;Various modes of energy, Internal energy and Enthalpy

Week 5 : Definition of Pure substance, Ideal Gases and ideal gas mixtures, Real gases and real gas mixtures, Compressibility charts

Week 6 : Properties of two phase systems - Const. temperature and Const. pressure heating of water; Definitions of saturated states; P-v-T surface; Use of steam tables and R134a tables; Saturation tables; Superheated tables; Identification of states determination of properties, Mollier’s chart.

Week 7 : First Law for Flow Processes - Derivation of general energy equation for a control volume; Steady state steady flow processes including throttling; Examples of steady flow devices; Unsteady processes; examples of steady and unsteadyI law applications for system and control volume.

Week 8 : Second law - Definitions of direct and reverse heat engines; Definitions of thermal efficiency and COP; Kelvin-Planck and Clausius statements; Definition of reversible process; Internal and external irreversibility;

Week 9 : Carnot cycle; Absolute temperature scale. Clausius inequality; Definition of entropy S ; Demonstration that entropy S is a property; Evaluation of S for solids,liquids, ideal gases and ideal gas mixtures undergoing various processes;Determination of s from steam tables

Week 10 : Principle of increase of entropy; Illustration of processes in T-s coordinates; Definition of Isentropic efficiency for compressors,turbines and nozzles- Irreversibility and Availability
Week 11 : Availability function for systems and Control volumes undergoing different processes, Lost work. Second law analysis for acontrol volume. Exergy balance equation and Exergy analysis.
Week 12 : Thermodynamic cycles - Basic Rankine cycle; Basic Brayton cycle; Basic vapor compression cycle and comparison with Carnot cycle.