XML AND Webservice lecture notes P.R.Engineering college

XML AND Webservice lecture notes in XML and Webservice uploaded at P.R.Engineering college

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SEMESTER VIII
 IT1451 – XML AND WEB SERVICES L T P C 3 1 0 4
UNIT I XML TECHNOLOGY FAMILY 9
XML – Benefits – Advantages of XML over HTML – EDI – Databases – XML based standards –
Structuring with schemas – DTD – XML schemas – XML processing – DOM – SAX – Presentation
technologies – XSL – XFORMS – XHTML – Transformation – XSLT – XLINK – XPATH – Xquery
UNIT II ARCHITECTING WEB SERVICES 9
Business motivations for web services – B2B – B2C – Technical motivations – Limitations of CORBA
and DCOM – Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) – Architecting web services – Implementation view –
Web services technology stack – Logical view – Composition of web services – Deployment view – From
application server to peer to peer – Process view – Life in the runtime.
UNIT III WEB SERVICES BUILDING BLOCKS 9
Transport protocols for web services – Messaging with web services – Protocols – SOAP – Describing web
services – WSDL – Anatomy of WSDL – Manipulating WSDL – Web service policy – Discovering web
services – UDDI – Anatomy of UDDI – Web service inspection – Ad hoc discovery – Securing web
services.
UNIT IV IMPLEMENTING XML IN E–BUSINESS 9
B2B – B2C applications – Different types of B2B interaction – Components of E -Business XML systems
– EBXML – RosettaNet – Applied XML in vertical industry – Web services for mobile devices.
UNIT V XML CONTENT MANAGEMENT AND SECURITY 9
Semantic web – Role of meta data in web content – Resource description framework – RDF schema –
Architecture of semantic web – Content management workflow – XLANG – WSFL – Securing web
services
TEXT BOOKS
1. Ron Schmelzer and Travis Vandersypen, ―XML and Web Services unleashed‖, Pearson Education,
2002.
2. Keith Ballinger, ―. NET Web Services Architecture and Implementation‖,
Pearson Education, 2003.
REFERENCES
1. David Chappell, ―Understanding .NET A Tutorial and Analysis‖, Addison
Wesley, 2002.
2. Kennard Scibner and Mark C. Stiver, ―Understanding SOAP‖, SAMS publishing, 2000.
3. Alexander Nakhimovsky and Tom Myers, ―XML Programming: Web Applications and Web Services
with JSP and ASP‖, Apress, 2002. UNIT I
XML TECHNOLOGY FAMILY
XML – Benefits – Advantages of XML over HTML – EDI – Databases – XML based
standards – Structuring with schemas – DTD – XML schemas – XML processing – DOM – SAX
– Presentation technologies – XSL – XFORMS – XHTML – Transformation – XSLT – XLINK –
XPATH – Xquery
XML:
As the Internet emerged and rapidly became a viable place to conduct business, communicate, and entertain, it became apparent that the need to exchange data in an open manner was
still unmet. SGML provided a solution for exchanging data in a structured, standardized
manner, but it was inappropriate for direct application on the Internet.HTML was a pureInternet approach for displaying and presenting information in a plat- form-independent
manner, but it was wholly inadequate for representing data structures. EDI had proven its
merit in conducting electronic business transactions but was ill-suitedto being exchanged on
the Internet and lacked the sophisticated features of either HTMLor SGML. It was obvious
something more was needed.
In this environment, an initiative led Jon Bosak and supported by a group of SGML and
industry notables, including Tim Bray, C. M. Sperberg-McQueen, Jean Paoli, and James
Clark, sought to take some of the best features of SGML and ―put them on the Web.‖Their
goal was to take the standard, generalized manner for marking up data and extendit with
metadata while stripping out all the complexities and optional features that madeSGML too
difficult to implement. On top of that, the new language would be designedinherently for the
Internet and have the support of the Internet‘s top standards-setting body, the World Wide
Web Consortium (W3C). Originally called Web SGML, this new language was later named
the Extensible Markup Language (XML) .
Benefits of XML
The very nature of XML is that it is a structured document format that represents not only the
information to be exchanged but also the metadata encapsulating its meaning.
A) XML Separates Data from HTML
If you need to display dynamic data in your HTML document, it will take a lot of work to edit the
HTML each time the data changes. With XML, data can be stored in separate XML files. This
way you can concentrate on using HTML for layout and display, and be sure that changes in the
underlying data will not require any changes to the HTML.
With a few lines of JavaScript code, you can read an external XML file and update the data
content of your web page.
B) XML Simplifies Data SharingIn the real world, computer systems and databases contain data in incompatible formats.
XML data is stored in plain text format. This provides a software- and hardware-independent way
of storing data. This makes it much easier to create data that can be shared by different
applications.
C) XML Simplifies Data Transport
One of the most time-consuming challenges for developers is to exchange data between
incompatible systems over the Internet. Exchanging data as XML greatly reduces this complexity,
since the data can be read by different incompatible applications.
D) XML Simplifies Platform Changes
Upgrading to new systems (hardware or software platforms), is always time consuming.
Large amounts of data must be converted and incompatible data is often lost. XML data is stored
in text format. This makes it easier to expand or upgrade to new operating systems, new
applications, or new browsers, without losing data.
E) XML Makes Your Data More Available
Different applications can access your data, not only in HTML pages, but also from XML
data sources.With XML, your data can be available to all kinds of "reading machines" (Handheld
computers, voice machines, news feeds, etc), and make it more available for blind people, or
people with other disabilities.
F) XML is Used to Create New Internet Languages
A lot of new Internet languages are created with XML.
Here are some examples:
 XHTML
 WSDL for describing available web services
 WAP and WML as markup languages for handheld devices
 RSS languages for news feeds
 RDF and OWL for describing resources and ontology
 SMIL for describing multimedia for the web
Advantages of XML over HTML
HTML was created to meet a very different need than XML. It is clear that XML will not
now, or perhaps ever, completely replace HTML. Except of course with regard to the XMLenabled version of HTML, known as XHTML. HTML was designed as a language to present
hyperlinked, formatted information in a Web browser. It has no capability to represent metadata,
provide validation, support extensibility by users, or support even the basic needs of e-business.
Fundamentally, the difference is that HTML is intended for consumption by humans, whereas
XML is meant for both machine and human consumption.
AdvantagesofXMLoverEDIEDIadoptionhasbeenfairlywidespread,eventhoughmainlyamonglarger-sizedbusinesses.ThecostofEDIimplementationandongoingmaintenancecanbemeasuredin
thebillionsinaggregate.MillionsofdollarsintransactionsoccuronadailybasisusingEDImediatedmessages.Itwouldbeverydifficult,ifnotimpossible,touprootallthis
activityandreplaceitwithexclusivelyXML-basedtransactions.Thesebusinesseshave
somuchmoneyandtimeinvestedinANSIX12/EDIthattheywillbefairlyslowto
adoptanewstandard,whichwouldnecessitatenewprocessingtechnology,mapping
software,andback-endintegration.Forthem,itwouldseemthattheywouldneedto
discardtheirexisting,workingtechnologyinfavourofanunprovenandstillimmature technology.
1) XMLisagoodreplacementforEDIbecauseitusestheInternetforthe dataexchange.
2) ComparedtoEDIandotherelectroniccommerceanddata-interchangestandards,XML
offersseriouscostsavingsandefficiencyenhancementsthatmakeimplementationof
XMLgoodforthebottomline
3) XML‘sbuilt-invaliditychecking,low-costparsersandprocessingtools,Extensible Stylesheet
Language(XSL)basedmapping,anduseoftheInternetkeepdownmuchof theecommercechaincost.
4) TheuseoftheInternetitselfgreatlylowersthebarrierforsmallandmediumsizedcompaniesthathavefoundEDItoocostlytoimplement
5) TheideathatXMLrepresentsanew,freshapproachto
solvingmanylingeringproblemsinaflexiblemannerappealstomanyinseniormanagement.
6) XML syntax allows for international characters that follow the Unicode standard to be
included as content in any XML element
AdvantagesofXMLoverDatabases
Relational and object-oriented databases and formats can represent data as well as metadata, but for the most part, their formats are not text based. Most databases use a proprietary
binary format to represent their information. There are other text-based formats that include
metadata regarding information and are structured in a hierarchical representation, but they have
not caught on in popularity nearly to the extent that XML or even SGML has.
Oneoftheprimaryissuesfacedbyalternatefileformatanddatabaselanguagesisthat
processingtoolsarecustom,proprietary,orexpensive.Whentoolsarewidespread,they
areusuallyspecifictotheparticularfileformatinquestion.OneofXML‘sgreatest 
strengthsisthatprocessingtoolshavebecomerelativelywidespreadandinexpensive,if notfree.
1.6) XML based standards
We have already discussed the advantages of the ―ML‖ in XML, but the ―X‖ presents
advantages of its own. Extensibility, as applied to XML, is the ability for the language tobe used
to define specific vocabularies and metadata. Rather than being fixed in describing a particular set
of data, XML, in conjunction with its DTDs and schema, is able to define any number of
documents that together form a language of their own.
Indeed, hundreds, if not thousands, of specific document vocabularies have been created
based on XML to meet the different needs of healthcare, manufacturing, user interface design,
petroleum refining, and even chess games. Text files and relational database schemas are rigid in
that they are meant to represent the information contained within and nothing more. It would be a
difficult proposition at best to add a new set of information to a text file or relational database
management system (RDBMS). XML files, especially those created using an ―open content<model>Zippy Tee</model>
<brand>Tommy Hilbunger</brand>
<price currency=‖USD‖>14.99</price>
<on>
<fabric content=‖60%‖>cotton</fabric>
<fabric content=‖40%‖>polyester</fabric>
<options>
<colorOptions>
<color>red</color>
<color>white</color>
</colorOptions>
<sizeOptions>
<size>Medium</size>
<size>Large</size>
</sizeOptions>
</options>
<description> This is a <b>funky</b> Tee shirt similar to the Floppy Tee
shirt </description>
model,‖ can easily be extended by adding additional elements and attributes. Whole classes of
documents can be defined simply by sending a document with a new DTD or schema. Sharing a
DTD and schema within a user community results in a joint specification—if not a de facto or
explicit standard.
Structuring with schemas
A Simple XML Document:
We‘ll talk about a shirt. There‘s actually a lot we can talk a

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XML AND Webservice lecture notes

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P.R.Engineering college

XML AND Webservice lecture notes P.R.Engineering college

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